Curing Reaction of Urea-formaldehyde Resin Using Real Time FT-IR Spectroscopy

FT-IR Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

Structure formation in urea-formaldehyde resin synthesis

The structure formation in acid promoted polycondensation and particularly in alkaline post-treatment with urea was studied by 13C NMR spectroscopy in the three-step synthesis of ureaformaldehyde resins. Trishydroxymethyl urea was identified as the constituent of the mixture of hydroxylmethylated urea derivatives obtained in alkaline conditions. The formation of methylenes linked to secondary o...

FT-IR Spectroscopy in Medicine

Infrared spectroscopy has been widely applied for the characterisation of various substances. Due to its sensitivity to the chemical information and architecture of the molecule, infrared spectroscopy can play an important role in new applications such as in the life-science field and not only in the traditional fields of physics and chemistry. Spectroscopic techniques are simple, reproducible,...

Thermal Degradation and Stability of Accelerated-curing Phenol-formaldehyde Resin

In order to study the thermal stability of accelerated-curing PF resin, the curing behavior of fresh PF resin was investigated in the presence of single accelerator of methylolurea derivatives (MMU), magnesium hydrate (Mg(OH)2), 25% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and propylene carbonate (PC). Also their optimum combination was added in fresh PF resin. The thermal stability of cu...

Characterization of Phenol-Formaldehyde Prepolymer Resins by In Line FT-IR Spectroscopy

Different resol phenol-formaldehyde prepolymer resins have been synthesized with different formaldehyde / phenol ratios. The phenolic resin composition depends on monomer ratio, catalyst, reaction conditions, and residual free monomers. Temperature and pH conditions under which reactions of phenols with formaldehyde are carried out have a profound effect on the characteristics of the resulting ...